文献:Single-Atom Platinum Nanocatalyst-Improved Catalytic Efficiency with Enzyme-DNA Supermolecular Architectures
文献链接:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211285520304882
作者:Ruijin Zeng, Weijun Wang, Guoneng Cai, Zhenliang Huang, Jiangming Tao, Dianping Tang, Chengzhou Zhu
相关产品:Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled GOx(FITC-葡萄糖氧化酶)
Rhodamine B-labelled HRP (罗丹明B-辣根过氧化物酶)
Exosome(外泌体)
原文摘要:
Single-atom catalysts (SACs), a newcomer in the field of nanocatalysis, have sparked tremendous interest thanks to their high atomic utilization, unsaturated coordination environment, and attractive properties. Unfavorably, few studies have focused on the applications of the SACs in the biosensors. Herein, a reliable SiO2-templated strategy was elaborately designed to synthesize single-atom platinum anchored on the surface of hollow cadmium sulfide (HCdS–Pt1). Experimental results and density functional theory (DFT) calculation showed that the introduction of Pt1 was helpful for carrier separation and allowed high carrier density. As a proof-of-concept, HCdS–Pt1 was served as a photoelectrochemical sensing platform to detect biomolecules. To construct such a universal single-atom biosensor, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and glucose oxidase (GOx) were encapsulated into DNA flowers (HRP&GOx-DF) with the high biorecognition capability. The as-prepared HRP &GOx-DFs could not only improve the thermal stability of the enzyme but also serve as the versatile recognition elements. In our design, HRP&GOx-DFs, enriched by target analyte, would bioetch HCdS–Pt1 irreversibly, thus resulting in the change of the electrical readout. Expectedly, SACs, combined with DNA nanotechnology, opens new opportunities for protein diagnostics and biosecurity.
Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled GOx:FITC 是一种常用的荧光标记试剂。它的最大吸收波长约为 495nm,发射波长约为 519nm,在这个波长范围内可以发出明亮的绿色荧光。这种荧光特性使得它在生物和化学研究中被用于标记生物分子,以便于对标记的分子进行追踪和检测。FITC 的化学结构中含有异硫氰酸酯基团(-NCS),这个基团具有很高的反应活性,能够与含有氨基(-NH₂)的生物分子发生共价反应,从而实现标记。GOx(葡萄糖氧化酶)葡萄糖氧化酶是一种氧化还原酶,它能够催化葡萄糖氧化为葡萄糖酸和过氧化氢。
Rhodamine B-labelled HRP:Rhodamine B:罗丹明 B 是一种具有强烈荧光的有机染料。其化学结构包含一个呫吨环。罗丹明 B 的荧光颜色为粉红色至红色,最大吸收波长在 550 - 560nm 左右,发射波长在 580 - 600nm 左右,这使得它在荧光检测中很容易与其他荧光物质区分开来。HRP(辣根过氧化物酶)辣根过氧化物酶是一种糖蛋白,它在生物化学和生物技术领域有应用。HRP 含有一个铁卟啉辅基,这个辅基是其发挥催化作用的关键部分。HRP 的主要催化活性是在过氧化氢(H₂O₂)存在的条件下,能够氧化各种底物。
Exosome:外泌体(Exosome)是一种细胞外囊泡,直径通常在 30 - 150nm 之间。它们是细胞内的多泡体(MVBs)与细胞膜融合后释放到细胞外环境中的小囊泡。外泌体含有多种生物活性分子,包括蛋白质、脂质和核酸(如 mRNA、miRNA 等)。从结构上看,外泌体具有脂质双层膜,这层膜与细胞的细胞膜相似,能够保护内部的成分,并允许外泌体在细胞外环境和其他细胞之间进行物质交换。其膜上含有多种膜蛋白,如四跨膜蛋白家族(CD9、CD63、CD81 等),这些膜蛋白可以作为外泌体的标记物,用于外泌体的分离和鉴定。基于Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled GOx、Rhodamine B-labelled HRP、Exosome的性能,HRP&GOx-DFs的合成如下:
图:合成示意
HRP&GOx-DFs的合成:在典型的RCA反应中,每个反应在50 μL的最终体积中进行,该体积由圆形模板DNA, dNTPs ,酶溶液(HRP&GOx)和phi29 DNA聚合酶组成,缓冲液(Tris-acetate, Mg (CH3COO)2, CH3COOK, Tween 20, DTT)在一定温度下保存。RCA产物用无核酸酶的水洗涤,离心,以去除任何游离蛋白和DNA链。得到的HRP&GOx-DFs在无核酸酶的水中重新分散,并在4°C下保存至使用。
图:产品的谱记录
结论:
该文献成功制备出基于Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled GOx、Rhodamine B-labelled HRP、Exosome合成的HRP&GOx-DFs。制备的HRP&GOx-DFs不仅可以提高酶的热稳定性,而且还可以作为通用的识别元件。富含目标分析物的HRP&GOx-DF可以不可逆地生物蚀刻HCdS–Pt 1,从而导致电读数的变化。综上,HRP&GOx-DF能提高催化效率。