文献:NIR-II Absorbing Semiconducting Polymer-Triggered Gene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy for Cancer Treatment
文献链接:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/smll.202100501
作者:Xun Zhang, Yanqing Yang, Tianyi Kang, Jun Wang, Guang Yang, Yuming Yang,
Xiangwei Lin, Lidai Wang, Kai Li, Jie Liu,* and Jen-Shyang Ni
相关产品:DOTAP(1,2 -二油酰基- 3 -三甲铵丙烷)
原文摘要:
Exploration of facile strategies for precise regulation of target gene expression remains highly challenging in the development of gene therapies. Especially, a stimuli-responsive nanocarrier integrated with ability of noninvasive remote control for treating wide types of cancers is rarely developed. Herein, a NIR-II absorbing semiconducting polymer (PBDTQ) is employed to remotely activate the heat-inducible heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) promoter under laser irradiation, further realizing regulation of gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) for cancer treatment in mild hyperthermia. In this multifunctional nanocomposite, the PBDTQ and double suicide gene plasmid (pSG) based on HSP70 promoter are incorporated into a lipid complex. Upon NIR-II laser excitation, the mild photothermal effect (≈43 °C) generated from PBDTQ can cause the release of pSG and activation of HSP70 promoter, and then upregulate suicide gene expression triggered by the HSP70 promoter which can further convert the nontoxic prodrug into its cytotoxic metabolites. Therefore, this work demonstrates a universal NIR-II laser-triggered GDEPT using semiconducting polymers as the photothermal generator for cancer treatment with minimized collateral damage and nontargeted side effects.
DOTAP:即1,2 -二油酰基- 3 -三甲铵丙烷,是一种阳离子脂质。它由两条长的油酰基(C18 不饱和脂肪酸)链和一个带正电荷的三甲铵丙烷头部基团组成。这种化学结构使其具有亲脂性的长链和带正电荷的亲水头部。亲脂性的长链有助于 DOTAP 与细胞膜等脂质结构相互融合,而带正电荷的头部基团可以与带负电荷的生物分子(如核酸)发生静电相互作用。DOTAP 在有机溶剂(如氯仿、二氯甲烷等)中有较好的溶解性,这是因为其亲脂性的结构特点。在水中,它可以形成脂质体等胶束结构,其临界胶束浓度(CMC)与它的脂质体形成和稳定性等性质密切相关。基于DOTAP的性能,PpCTLP NPs的合成介绍如下:
图:合成示意
首先,将 DOTAP溶解在有机溶剂中,在圆底烧瓶中形成均匀的脂质溶液。脂质的总浓度根据实验需求调整。按照一定的摩尔比加入 DOTAP 和其他脂质成分,这个比例会影响纳米粒子的性质,如稳定性和流动性。使用旋转蒸发仪在减压条件下缓慢蒸发有机溶剂。随着有机溶剂的挥发,脂质在烧瓶壁上形成一层均匀的薄膜。然后,在形成脂质薄膜的烧瓶中加入含有 PpCTLP 的缓冲溶液,PpCTLP 的浓度根据包裹量的要求调整。加入的缓冲溶液体积要适当,以确保脂质薄膜能够充分水合。将烧瓶放置在超声仪中,进行超声处理。超声过程中,脂质薄膜会逐渐分散在水相中,形成纳米粒子。这个过程中,PpCTLP 会被包裹在纳米粒子内部。最后,通过高速离心机对形成的纳米粒子进行离心。离心后,纳米粒子沉淀在离心管底部,将上清液小心吸出,去除未包裹的 PpCTLP 和其他杂质。如果需要进一步浓缩纳米粒子,可以将沉淀重新分散在少量的缓冲溶液中,通过超声或涡旋等方式使其均匀分散。
图:作用机制
结论:
该文献成功制备出基于DOTAP合成的PpCTLP NPs。PpCTLP NPs在实验中展现出优良性能,文献提出的设计可以提供协同效应,并明显降低前药在健康组织中的poison性。总之,这种策略为提高基因heal的独特性和安全性提供了一种有效的途径。